Does CETP rs5882, rs708272, SIRT1 rs12778366, FGFR2 rs2981582, STAT3 rs744166, VEGFA rs833068, IL6 rs1800795 polymorphisms play a role in optic neuritis development?

Objectives: Optic neuritis (ON) is defined as inflammation of the optic nerve, which is mostly idiopathic. However, it can be associated with various causes (demyelinating lesions, autoimmune disorders, infectious and inflammatory conditions). Inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the optic nerve can be associated with multiple sclerosis. It is thought that CETP, SIRT1, FGFR2, STAT3, VEGFA and IL6 genes play a key role in this autoimmune inflammatory disease. The aim of our study was to determine if the frequency of the CETP, SIRT1, FGFR2, STAT3, VEGFA and IL6 gene polymorphisms have an influence on the development of acute ON.

Methods: The study enrolled patients with ON and a random sample of healthy population. The genotyping test of the CETPrs5882,rs708272, SIRT1rs12778366, FGFR2rs2981582, STAT3rs744166, VEGFArs833068, IL6rs1800795 polymorphisms was carried out using the RT-PCR method.

Results: Our study determined that the G/A genotype of CETPrs708272 was associated with two-fold-decreased odds of ON development under the codominant (OR = 0.495;95%CI:0.256–0.959) and overdominant (OR = 0.501;95%CI:0.280–0.895) models. Also, each allele C at VEGFArs833068 was associated with 1.7-fold increased odds of ON development under the additive model (OR = 1.733;95%CI:1.148–2.615). Furthermore, IL6 rs1800795 G/G genotype was associated with increased odds of ON development under the codominant (OR = 2.869;95%CI:1.280–6.434) and recessive (OR = 2.315;95%CI:1.251–4.285) models.

Conclusions: We revealed that the genotypes of CETPrs708272 G/A, IL6rs1800795 G/G, and each allele C at VEGFArs833068 were associated with ON. CETPrs708272 G/G genotype was associated with decreased by 62% odds of ON with MS development under the recessive (OR = 0.379;95%CI:0.155–0.929; p = .034) model.     

Modification of the vaccine manufacturing process improves the pyrogenicity profile of inactivated influenza vaccines in young children

Background

There were increased reports of fevers and febrile reactions in young children (particularly children aged <5?years) receiving the Seqirus/CSL Southern Hemisphere 2010 trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3). Modifying the vaccine manufacturing process by increasing the minimum concentration of splitting agent (sodium taurodeoxycholate [TDOC]) from 0.5% w/v to 1.5% w/v for all strains resolved this issue. The current analysis compared fever rates in three pediatric studies of Seqirus IIV3 (S-IIV3) or quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (S-IIV4), prepared using the modified manufacturing process, with fever rates in three pediatric studies of historical (pre-2010) IIV3 formulations. The historical IIV3 formulations, S-IIV3, and S-IIV4 had 0/3, 2/3, and 4/4 vaccine strains split at 1.5% TDOC, respectively.

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against serotype 3 pneumococcal pneumonia in adults: A systematic review and pooled analysis

BackgroundSerotype 3 pneumococcal disease has not substantially declined at the population level after the routine introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into pediatric immunization programs across the globe. This epidemiological finding has generated debate regarding the effectiveness of PCV13 against serotype 3 disease. Evaluating PCV13 effectiveness against serotype 3 is especially critical in adults, where serotype 3 makes up an important amount of remaining pneumococcal disease.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of the published literature to assess the direct effectiveness of PCV13 against serotype 3 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among adults. We then estimated overall vaccine effectiveness (VE) using a pooled analysis of the individual-level, raw data.ResultsTwo published studies met inclusion criteria. One was a randomized controlled trial conducted in the Netherlands and published in 2014. The other was a recently-published case-control study conducted in Louisville, Kentucky that used a test-negative design (TND). We also identified a third TND study conducted in Argentina that was recently presented as a conference abstract but is not yet published. All three studies were conducted in adults aged ≥65 years. PCV13 VE against serotype 3 hospitalized CAP was 52.5% (95%CI: 6.2–75.9%) from the pooled analysis of individual-level data from all three studies. Results were similar if the unpublished estimate was excluded (serotype 3 VE = 53.6% [95%CI: 6.7–76.9%]). No heterogeneity was observed.ConclusionsCurrently-available evidence, although limited to three studies, suggests that PCV13 provides direct protection against serotype 3 hospitalized CAP in adults aged ≥65 years.     

颈动脉超声联合血清五聚素3、脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2检测对动脉粥样硬化脑梗死的诊断价值

目的探讨颈动脉超声联合血清五聚素3(PTX3)、脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)检测对动脉粥样硬化脑梗死的诊断价值。方法随机选择2015年1月至2017年12月在本院神经内科就诊的急性缺血性脑卒中患者56例作为观察组,选择同期在本院体检的健康者50例作为对照组。2组研究对象均行颈动脉超声检查,并采集静脉血检测PTX3、Lp-PLA2的水平。比较2组血清PTX3、Lp-PLA2水平及颈动脉内膜中膜厚度(IMT)增厚、斑块、中重度狭窄检出率。分析颈动脉超声、PTX3、Lp-PLA2单独及联合检测对动脉粥样硬化脑梗死的诊断价值。结果观察组血清PTX3、Lp-PLA2水平显著高于对照组(P0. 05),颈动脉IMT增厚、斑块、中重度狭窄检出率显著高于对照组(P0. 05)。颈动脉超声联合PTX3、Lp-PLA2检测的灵敏度、准确率为89. 29%、77. 36%,明显高于PTX3(73. 21%、71. 69%)、Lp-PLA2(69. 64%、67. 92%)及颈动脉超声(80. 36%、76. 42%)的单独检测结果(均P0.05)。ROC曲线显示,颈动脉超声检查的曲线下面积(AUC)为0. 789,PTX3检测的AUC为0. 764,Lp-PLA2检测的AUC为0. 776,而联合检测的AUC为0. 909,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05)。结论颈动脉超声联合血清PTX3、LpPLA2检测能够显著提高动脉粥样硬化脑梗死诊断的灵敏度和准确率。